SeriesAI Infrastructure Readiness — Q&A Brief 2 of 4
Prepared byNancy W. Mukui, NEMA Lic. 6945

Who regulates AI infrastructure siting in Kenya?

Direct answer

No single body. Decisions pass separately through the ICT Ministry, NEMA, county governments, the Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority, and the Water Resources Authority, with no framework coordinating them before major site or investment approvals are granted.

The current mandate map

InstitutionMandate touching AI infrastructure
ICT MinistryDigital economy strategy; owns the draft AI policy but has no siting authority
NEMAEIA licensing and environmental compliance
County governmentsLand use, physical planning, building and construction permits
EPRAPower supply agreements, self-generation licensing, tariff structures
Water Resources AuthorityAbstraction and discharge permits for cooling
KEBSTechnical standards — not yet extended to data-centre design

Each institution runs its own process on its own timeline, so a developer can clear one gate and still stall at another months later — a grid connection confirmed before the EIA reveals a water constraint, for instance. This is the coordination gap the proposed AI Infrastructure Readiness Framework is designed to close: not new powers for any single regulator, but a shared screening matrix that all six apply before, not after, commitments are made.